Module 1

4) How did the Industrial Revolution transform British society? 
At the time of the start of the industrial revolution Britain was the most highly commercialized of all Europes countries Agriculture became a major staple in europe and small farmers began to be pushed out. But this shifted in Britain during the Industrial revolution because agriculture was not the main part of British economy anymore. The British textile became extremely important and the use of cotton soared from 52 million pounds top 588 million pounds. The output of coal soared in Britian because of the access to railroads that people never have seen before. There was also a dramatic increase in mining manufacturing and services that were needed to support the use of railroads.

 7) What were the differences between industrialization in the United States and that in Russia
The industrial revolution was bound to be different in each country due to the different histories, cultures, and societies that made up these countries. The united states had an industrial revolution without socialism the Us was also one of the leading manufacturers of goods in the world leading the world by 36%.The book states "difference between Russia and the United States lay in the source of social and economic change. In the United States, such change bubbled up from society as free farmers, workers, and businessmen" (763). Russia was an autocratic government so the change would have to be done by ones self. There was also the rise of the tsar in russia which limited political reforms and it didn't allow for there to be social stability in russia which wasn't the case in the US.

 5) How did Britain's middle classes change during the 19th century?
The middle class was changed significantly during the industrial revolution because for the first time ever the middle class was majorly benefited by an economic revolution of this size. During this time we see the emergence of the upper middle class and the lower middle class. At the upper levels, it contained extremely wealth factory owners and mine owners, bankers and merchants.  And in the middle/lower you saw teachers, journalists, scientists, and other professionals required in industrial society. The middle class men also gained the right to vote. The middle class also grew in size due to the fact that the economy was growing based on these jobs that many people could easily obtain. There was also a rise of the lower middle class which the jobs consisted of clerks, salespeople, bank tellers, hotel staff, secretaries. And the middle class now represented 20% of owkring women. 

Comments

  1. Ruth HernandezMay 4, 2020 at 12:28 AM

    Europe was the first to access energy resources that came from coal, oil, and gas. This became widespread when other places such as Japan and China were struggling to provide energy as their populations began to increase. The Industrial revolution was a response to the lack of nonrenewable resources such as charcoal and wood that became scarcer as populations began to increase.

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